Start with the grape
Wine begins with a grape variety, but skin thickness, acidity, sugar, aroma, climate, soil, elevation, and farming all influence the finished wine.
Key varieties
Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Pinot Noir, Grenache, and Merlot are widely planted red grapes. Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Chenin Blanc, Riesling, and Muscat are among the best-known white grapes.
Climate and ripeness
Cooler conditions often preserve acidity and delicate aromas. Warmer sites generally bring fuller ripeness. Elevation, water, wind, and day-to-night temperature differences also matter.