guides

How Wine Is Made

From harvest and fermentation to aging and bottling

From fruit to wine

Winemaking is a sequence of decisions. Harvest timing, crushing, skin contact, fermentation, vessel, aging, and blending can lead the same grapes toward very different wines.

  1. Harvest for the intended balance.
  2. Sort and gently crush the fruit.
  3. Ferment grape sugar into alcohol.
  4. Clarify and age the wine.
  5. Prepare the final blend for bottling.

Red wine usually ferments with skins; most white wine is pressed first. Rosé receives shorter skin contact, and traditional sparkling wine undergoes a second fermentation in bottle.